TheAnalogThing - User contributions [en]

User:Sven/Positive Framing for Analog

2024-07-31T08:46:49Z

Sven: another term

Let's face it: '''The word »analog« is associated with a thing from the past'''. We are in a world where literally everybody, in particular in politics and economy, works on intensifying the »digital« lifestyle/experience/process. In many contexts, »digital« is a synonym for progress, future, efficiency and, in economical terms, growth and prosperity. In these situations, »analog« is typically used as a synoym for the »offline world« with all its slowness, mindfulness, probably backward-looking policies. Where »digital buisness scales«, analog (at first glance) does not. The word »analog« was sacrificed for a digital world.

Obviously this perception is far away from the academic world, where there are unbiased definitions for analog vs. digital in the context of signal processing, information theory, electronics and more. But here is the catch: The fast-moving trends make big fuss about wording (often also refered to as »bullshit bingo«). Digital is cool and hip, analog as the antonym is the opposite. It is very hard, maybe impossible, to change this worldwide perception in the non-academic world. Therefore, we need alternative terms to overcome prejudices.

== Learning from the Quantum buisness ==
The term »quantum« has an interesting past. Without doubt, quantum physics is percieved as one of the most complex scientific domains, on pair with rocket science or nano technologies. Names such as Albert Einstein are associated with quantum physics, so apparently one has to be very clever to understand quantum physics.

And yet the term »quantum computing« gained traction. In my impression, the word »quantum« is associated with mystical and complicated but superior phenomena compared to the »traditional« world (the correct scientific antonym is in fact »classical«). It does not even matter how »quantum computing« works in detail. Coincidentally, there is an awful lot of analog electronics involved in quantum circuitery, and it is even safe (but very academic) to say that quantum computing implements a superset of the analog computing paradigm.

Stating that analog computing is »part of« or »beyond« quantum computing is an appropriate non-scientific expression and allows the analog paradigm to acquire a taste of the mysterious and superior quantum world.

== Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing ==
'''Analog computing is »continous« or »continuity« computing'''. Technically, this is right both in terms of time and value representation, and it sounds way more forward-looking then »analog« computing. Continuity is associated with an unbroken chain, with perservence, strength and trust. It is undoubtfully a more positive connotated adjective then »analog«.

'''Analog computing is »real« or »real valued« computing'''. This sounds more technical, but has a deeper philosophical touch, since the »reality« is frequently described as being »analog«, and being/remaining »virtual« is frequently percieved as a shortcoming of the digital world. »Real computing« is certainly a very bold statement, probably even offensive. However, it also highlights that the objects of analog computing are elements of the real world, suggesting a simplicity, directness and comprehensibility which is not wrong at all. Making calculus more accessible is in fact one of the strong points of analog computing.

'''Analog computing is »calculus« computing'''. The term »calculus« is a doubled-edged sword: On the one hand, it can awake similar associations as »quantum« (with all its assets and drawbacks). On the other hand, most people with a high school graduation have some remembrance of calculus, which is assumably for most people not positive. Technically, the term is very precise, as differential calculus in form of ordinary differential equations is the natural mathematical language for analog computers in the same way as Boolean algebra is for
digital computers. And yet I never hear of »Boolean« computers.

'''Differential computing''' or '''differential engine''' is a nice word. Not to be confused with ''differentiable programming'' (automatic differentiation, the hot shit in AI in the last years) or the ''differential analyser''. Obviously not associated with a ''difference engine'' but with a ''differential solver''. So in particular analog computers could also be called '''differential (solver) machines'''.

'''Quantum inspired computing''' (exists).

== Summary and disclaimer ==
I suggest people to use alternative terms for analog computers, in particular in order to convince buisness people. Neglecting scientific correctness is not only permitted but required in order to overcome barriers and biased opinions. It is natural to choose a different language for different audience, something which is well known in scientific outreach and education. It cannot harm but only increase understanding and evventually allow for using more precise words once a common understanding and language has been found.

As a disclaimer, the auther wants to confess that he is quantum physicist and a 21st century child (»Gen Y«). Of course I'm fascinated both by quantum physics and the digital world/economy and all its possibilities. And yet I'm into [[anabrid]]s mission of incorporating analog computing in a digital world. As a scientist, I see no contradiction in exploiting the best of digital and analog computing approaches at the same time. As an entrepreneur, I see a wall of prejudices against the »analog paradigm«, and this is mainly a »communications drawback«, where proper wording (framing) can make a huge difference. This is why I wrote this essay.

File:Double pendulum long exposure.jpg

2024-01-22T07:54:15Z

Sven: Still image from an analog oscilloscope output for the double pendulum set of differential equations in the XY domain. The photo is made by Bernd Ulmann and licensed as CC-BY-SA-4.0

== Summary ==
Still image from an analog oscilloscope output for the double pendulum set of differential equations in the XY domain.

The photo is made by Bernd Ulmann and licensed as CC-BY-SA-4.0
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

Hybrid Computer

2024-01-04T11:29:58Z

Sven:

A '''hybrid computer''' is a computer consisting of an [[analog computer]] and a digital computer. The two worlds are connected with ADCs/DACs (analog to digital/digital to analog converters).

[[Category:Fundamentals]]

== THAT Hybrid Port ==
For a manual of the Hybrid Port see [[:File:THAT hybrid port desc.pdf]].

<gallery>
File:HybridPort.png|Naming/mapping of THAT Hybrid port
File:THAT hybrid port desc.pdf|Descriptive manual of THAT Hybrid port
</gallery>

=== THAT Hybrid Port Logic Levels ===

The hybrid port logic levels are ''CMOS'', i.e. compatible with Rasberry Pi, modern Arduinos, ESPs, Teensys, etc.
In general, TTL and LVTTL, LVCMOS are compatible in case of low load. See https://www.ti.com/lit/sg/sdyu001ab/sdyu001ab.pdf?ts=1704181296942 for a good overview of logic families and their compatibility.

== A simple Arduino based hybrid controller for THAT ==

[[File:Hc_setup.jpg|center|500px]]

This section describes a simple yet quite powerful hybrid computer consisting of THE ANALOG THING and an attached Arduino Mega 2650 micro controller board. Since THE ANALOG THING features a dedicated connector for attaching an external digital computer, only a few connections between this HYBRID connector and the Arduino are required to setup the hardware:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! HYBRID pin !! description !! destination on Arduino
|-
| 2 || analog x output || AnalogIn 0
|-
| 4 || analog y output || AnalogIn 1
|-
| 6 || analog z output || AnalogIn 2
|-
| 8 || analog u output || AnalogIn 3
|-
| 9+10 || GND || GND
|-
| 13 || enable hybrid mode || D2
|-
| 14 || MOP || D3
|-
| 16 || MIC || D4
|}

These connections were made using a piggy back board suitable for an Arduino Mega 2650 which only contains a 2x8 pin header and the connections listed in the above table:

[[File:Arduino_hc.jpg|center|500px]]

(As tempting as it may be to power THE ANALOG THING by the 5V line of the Arduino - this does not work since the current requirement of the THAT is too high at about 300 mA which causes a substantial voltage drop, leaving only about 4.4 V at THE ANALOG THING which is not quite enough for correct operation. Thus, THE ANALOG THING should always be powered by a dedicated power supply with a USB-C cable while the Arduino is powered by its own USB-connection to the host computer.)

=== Software ===

The required software for this hybrid controller can be found at [https://github.com/anabrid/hardware/blob/main/the-analog-thing/arduino_2650_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller.ino]. It requires two additional libraries, TimerThree and TimerFive, to compile. These two timer libraries are necessary for the accurate timing of operating modes and data logging and must be installed for your Arduino IDE before compiling the source.

=== Commands ===

* arm: Arm the data logger. Data logging can be performed during a single run (see below) and will automatically start when the logger has been armed before starting the single run. After completing the single run, the logger is disarmed again.
* channels=value: Set the number of analog channels to be logged. The value can range between 1 and 4.
* disable: Disable the hybrid controller. This is the normal startup mode; THE ANALOG THING will work as a standalone analog computer when the hybrid port is disabled.
* enable: Enable the hybrid controller. In this case, THE ANALOG THING is is under control of the attached microcontroller and the mode switch is disabled.
* halt: Put THE ANALOG THING into HALT-mode.
* help: Print a short help text.
* ic: Set THE ANALOG THING to IC-mode.
* ictime=value: Set the IC-time to value milliseconds. This is necessary for any single or repetitive run. Typically the duration of IC-mode is a few milliseconds. (If there are any integrators in an analog program with their time scale factor set to SLOW, the IC-time should be high enough so that these integrators can settle to the selected initial condition.)
* interval=value: Set the sampling interval for the data logger to value milliseconds.
* op: Set THE ANALOG THING to OP-mode.
* optime=value: Set the OP-time to value milliseconds.
* rep: Start repetitive operation. THE ANALOG THING will from now on cycle between IC and OP with the respective times set by the ictime and optime commands. Repetitive operation is ended when the computer is explicitly set into IC-, OP- or HALT-mode.
* run: Start a single run with the IC- and OP-phase duration determined by the times set with the ictime and optime commands. Only during such a single run data logging is possible.
* status: Return status information.

=== Typical operation ===
A typical sequence of commands to run an analog program once while collecting
data looks like this:

ictime=50
optime=3000
interval=5
channels=1
arm
enable
run

This will print the AD converted values during the single run. These can then
be copied to a file (by copy/paste) and plotted with gnuplot or the like.

The analog program shown in the picture at the beginning is a Hindmarsh-Rose model of a bursting and spiking neuron. [https://analogparadigm.com/downloads/alpaca_28.pdf] Plotting the data captured with the sequence of commands shown above with gnuplot yields a result like this:

[[File:Hindmarsh_rose_x.jpg|center|500px]]

Hybrid Computer

2024-01-04T11:29:46Z

Sven:

= Hybrid computers =
A '''hybrid computer''' is a computer consisting of an [[analog computer]] and a digital computer. The two worlds are connected with ADCs/DACs (analog to digital/digital to analog converters).

[[Category:Fundamentals]]

== THAT Hybrid Port ==
For a manual of the Hybrid Port see [[:File:THAT hybrid port desc.pdf]].

<gallery>
File:HybridPort.png|Naming/mapping of THAT Hybrid port
File:THAT hybrid port desc.pdf|Descriptive manual of THAT Hybrid port
</gallery>

=== THAT Hybrid Port Logic Levels ===

The hybrid port logic levels are ''CMOS'', i.e. compatible with Rasberry Pi, modern Arduinos, ESPs, Teensys, etc.
In general, TTL and LVTTL, LVCMOS are compatible in case of low load. See https://www.ti.com/lit/sg/sdyu001ab/sdyu001ab.pdf?ts=1704181296942 for a good overview of logic families and their compatibility.

== A simple Arduino based hybrid controller for THAT ==

[[File:Hc_setup.jpg|center|500px]]

This section describes a simple yet quite powerful hybrid computer consisting of THE ANALOG THING and an attached Arduino Mega 2650 micro controller board. Since THE ANALOG THING features a dedicated connector for attaching an external digital computer, only a few connections between this HYBRID connector and the Arduino are required to setup the hardware:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! HYBRID pin !! description !! destination on Arduino
|-
| 2 || analog x output || AnalogIn 0
|-
| 4 || analog y output || AnalogIn 1
|-
| 6 || analog z output || AnalogIn 2
|-
| 8 || analog u output || AnalogIn 3
|-
| 9+10 || GND || GND
|-
| 13 || enable hybrid mode || D2
|-
| 14 || MOP || D3
|-
| 16 || MIC || D4
|}

These connections were made using a piggy back board suitable for an Arduino Mega 2650 which only contains a 2x8 pin header and the connections listed in the above table:

[[File:Arduino_hc.jpg|center|500px]]

(As tempting as it may be to power THE ANALOG THING by the 5V line of the Arduino - this does not work since the current requirement of the THAT is too high at about 300 mA which causes a substantial voltage drop, leaving only about 4.4 V at THE ANALOG THING which is not quite enough for correct operation. Thus, THE ANALOG THING should always be powered by a dedicated power supply with a USB-C cable while the Arduino is powered by its own USB-connection to the host computer.)

=== Software ===

The required software for this hybrid controller can be found at [https://github.com/anabrid/hardware/blob/main/the-analog-thing/arduino_2650_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller.ino]. It requires two additional libraries, TimerThree and TimerFive, to compile. These two timer libraries are necessary for the accurate timing of operating modes and data logging and must be installed for your Arduino IDE before compiling the source.

=== Commands ===

* arm: Arm the data logger. Data logging can be performed during a single run (see below) and will automatically start when the logger has been armed before starting the single run. After completing the single run, the logger is disarmed again.
* channels=value: Set the number of analog channels to be logged. The value can range between 1 and 4.
* disable: Disable the hybrid controller. This is the normal startup mode; THE ANALOG THING will work as a standalone analog computer when the hybrid port is disabled.
* enable: Enable the hybrid controller. In this case, THE ANALOG THING is is under control of the attached microcontroller and the mode switch is disabled.
* halt: Put THE ANALOG THING into HALT-mode.
* help: Print a short help text.
* ic: Set THE ANALOG THING to IC-mode.
* ictime=value: Set the IC-time to value milliseconds. This is necessary for any single or repetitive run. Typically the duration of IC-mode is a few milliseconds. (If there are any integrators in an analog program with their time scale factor set to SLOW, the IC-time should be high enough so that these integrators can settle to the selected initial condition.)
* interval=value: Set the sampling interval for the data logger to value milliseconds.
* op: Set THE ANALOG THING to OP-mode.
* optime=value: Set the OP-time to value milliseconds.
* rep: Start repetitive operation. THE ANALOG THING will from now on cycle between IC and OP with the respective times set by the ictime and optime commands. Repetitive operation is ended when the computer is explicitly set into IC-, OP- or HALT-mode.
* run: Start a single run with the IC- and OP-phase duration determined by the times set with the ictime and optime commands. Only during such a single run data logging is possible.
* status: Return status information.

=== Typical operation ===
A typical sequence of commands to run an analog program once while collecting
data looks like this:

ictime=50
optime=3000
interval=5
channels=1
arm
enable
run

This will print the AD converted values during the single run. These can then
be copied to a file (by copy/paste) and plotted with gnuplot or the like.

The analog program shown in the picture at the beginning is a Hindmarsh-Rose model of a bursting and spiking neuron. [https://analogparadigm.com/downloads/alpaca_28.pdf] Plotting the data captured with the sequence of commands shown above with gnuplot yields a result like this:

[[File:Hindmarsh_rose_x.jpg|center|500px]]

File:THAT hybrid port desc.pdf

2024-01-04T11:26:02Z

Sven: Written by KHD/Anabrid, CC/MIT dual licensed.

== Summary ==
Written by KHD/Anabrid, CC/MIT dual licensed.
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

User:Sven/Positive Framing for Analog

2022-10-06T13:31:16Z

Sven: /* Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing */

Let's face it: '''The word »analog« is associated with a thing from the past'''. We are in a world where literally everybody, in particular in politics and economy, works on intensifying the »digital« lifestyle/experience/process. In many contexts, »digital« is a synonym for progress, future, efficiency and, in economical terms, growth and prosperity. In these situations, »analog« is typically used as a synoym for the »offline world« with all its slowness, mindfulness, probably backward-looking policies. Where »digital buisness scales«, analog (at first glance) does not. The word »analog« was sacrificed for a digital world.

Obviously this perception is far away from the academic world, where there are unbiased definitions for analog vs. digital in the context of signal processing, information theory, electronics and more. But here is the catch: The fast-moving trends make big fuss about wording (often also refered to as »bullshit bingo«). Digital is cool and hip, analog as the antonym is the opposite. It is very hard, maybe impossible, to change this worldwide perception in the non-academic world. Therefore, we need alternative terms to overcome prejudices.

== Learning from the Quantum buisness ==
The term »quantum« has an interesting past. Without doubt, quantum physics is percieved as one of the most complex scientific domains, on pair with rocket science or nano technologies. Names such as Albert Einstein are associated with quantum physics, so apparently one has to be very clever to understand quantum physics.

And yet the term »quantum computing« gained traction. In my impression, the word »quantum« is associated with mystical and complicated but superior phenomena compared to the »traditional« world (the correct scientific antonym is in fact »classical«). It does not even matter how »quantum computing« works in detail. Coincidentally, there is an awful lot of analog electronics involved in quantum circuitery, and it is even safe (but very academic) to say that quantum computing implements a superset of the analog computing paradigm.

Stating that analog computing is »part of« or »beyond« quantum computing is an appropriate non-scientific expression and allows the analog paradigm to acquire a taste of the mysterious and superior quantum world.

== Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing ==
'''Analog computing is »continous« or »continuity« computing'''. Technically, this is right both in terms of time and value representation, and it sounds way more forward-looking then »analog« computing. Continuity is associated with an unbroken chain, with perservence, strength and trust. It is undoubtfully a more positive connotated adjective then »analog«.

'''Analog computing is »real« or »real valued« computing'''. This sounds more technical, but has a deeper philosophical touch, since the »reality« is frequently described as being »analog«, and being/remaining »virtual« is frequently percieved as a shortcoming of the digital world. »Real computing« is certainly a very bold statement, probably even offensive. However, it also highlights that the objects of analog computing are elements of the real world, suggesting a simplicity, directness and comprehensibility which is not wrong at all. Making calculus more accessible is in fact one of the strong points of analog computing.

'''Analog computing is »calculus« computing'''. The term »calculus« is a doubled-edged sword: On the one hand, it can awake similar associations as »quantum« (with all its assets and drawbacks). On the other hand, most people with a high school graduation have some remembrance of calculus, which is assumably for most people not positive. Technically, the term is very precise, as differential calculus in form of ordinary differential equations is the natural mathematical language for analog computers in the same way as Boolean algebra is for digital computers. And yet I never hear of »Boolean« computers.

'''Quantum inspired computing''' (exists).

== Summary and disclaimer ==
I suggest people to use alternative terms for analog computers, in particular in order to convince buisness people. Neglecting scientific correctness is not only permitted but required in order to overcome barriers and biased opinions. It is natural to choose a different language for different audience, something which is well known in scientific outreach and education. It cannot harm but only increase understanding and evventually allow for using more precise words once a common understanding and language has been found.

As a disclaimer, the auther wants to confess that he is quantum physicist and a 21st century child (»Gen Y«). Of course I'm fascinated both by quantum physics and the digital world/economy and all its possibilities. And yet I'm into [[anabrid]]s mission of incorporating analog computing in a digital world. As a scientist, I see no contradiction in exploiting the best of digital and analog computing approaches at the same time. As an entrepreneur, I see a wall of prejudices against the »analog paradigm«, and this is mainly a »communications drawback«, where proper wording (framing) can make a huge difference. This is why I wrote this essay.

Hybrid Computer

2022-10-05T11:35:28Z

Sven:

= Hybrid computers =
[[File:HybridPort.png|thumb|Naming/mapping of THAT Hybrid port]]

A '''hybrid computer''' is a computer consisting of an [[analog computer]] and a digital computer. The two worlds are connected with ADCs/DACs (analog to digital/digital to analog converters).

[[Category:Fundamentals]]

== A simple Arduino based hybrid controller ==

[[File:Hc_setup.jpg|center|500px]]

This section describes a simple yet quite powerful hybrid computer consisting of THE ANALOG THING and an attached Arduino Mega 2650 micro controller board. Since THE ANALOG THING features a dedicated connector for attaching an external digital computer, only a few connections between this HYBRID connector and the Arduino are required to setup the hardware:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Caption text
|-
! HYBRID pin !! description !! destination on Arduino
|-
| 2 || analog x output || AnalogIn 0
|-
| 4 || analog y output || AnalogIn 1
|-
| 6 || analog z output || AnalogIn 2
|-
| 8 || analog u output || AnalogIn 3
|-
| 9+10 || GND || GND
|-
| 13 || enable hybrid mode || D2
|-
| 14 || MOP || D3
|-
| 16 || MIC || D4
|}

These connections were made using a piggy back board suitable for an Arduino Mega 2650 which only contains a 2x8 pin header and the connections listed in the above table:

[[File:Arduino_hc.jpg|center|500px]]

(As tempting as it may be to power THE ANALOG THING by the 5V line of the Arduino - this does not work since the current requirement of the THAT is too high at about 300 mA which causes a substantial voltage drop, leaving only about 4.4 V at THE ANALOG THING which is not quite enough for correct operation. Thus, THE ANALOG THING should always be powered by a dedicated power supply with a USB-C cable while the Arduino is powered by its own USB-connection to the host computer.)

== Software ==

The required software for this hybrid controller can be found at [https://github.com/anabrid/hardware/blob/main/the-analog-thing/arduino_2650_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller/simple_hybrid_controller.ino]. It requires two additional libraries, TimerThree and TimerFive, to compile. These two timer libraries are necessary for the accurate timing of operating modes and data logging and must be installed for your Arduino IDE before compiling the source.

== Commands ==

* arm: Arm the data logger. Data logging can be performed during a single run (see below) and will automatically start when the logger has been armed before starting the single run. After completing the single run, the logger is disarmed again.
* channels=value: Set the number of analog channels to be logged. The value can range between 1 and 4.
* disable: Disable the hybrid controller. This is the normal startup mode; THE ANALOG THING will work as a standalone analog computer when the hybrid port is disabled.
* enable: Enable the hybrid controller. In this case, THE ANALOG THING is is under control of the attached microcontroller and the mode switch is disabled.
* halt: Put THE ANALOG THING into HALT-mode.
* help: Print a short help text.
* ic: Set THE ANALOG THING to IC-mode.
* ictime=value: Set the IC-time to value milliseconds. This is necessary for any single or repetitive run. Typically the duration of IC-mode is a few milliseconds. (If there are any integrators in an analog program with their time scale factor set to SLOW, the IC-time should be high enough so that these integrators can settle to the selected initial condition.)
* interval=value: Set the sampling interval for the data logger to value milliseconds.
* op: Set THE ANALOG THING to OP-mode.
* optime=value: Set the OP-time to value milliseconds.
* rep: Start repetitive operation. THE ANALOG THING will from now on cycle between IC and OP with the respective times set by the ictime and optime commands. Repetitive operation is ended when the computer is explicitly set into IC-, OP- or HALT-mode.
* run: Start a single run with the IC- and OP-phase duration determined by the times set with the ictime and optime commands. Only during such a single run data logging is possible.
* status: Return status information.

== Typical operation ==
A typical sequence of commands to run an analog program once while collecting
data looks like this:

ictime=50
optime=3000
interval=5
channels=1
arm
enable
run

This will print the AD converted values during the single run. These can then
be copied to a file (by copy/paste) and plotted with gnuplot or the like.

The analog program shown in the picture at the beginning is a Hindmarsh-Rose model of a bursting and spiking neuron. [https://analogparadigm.com/downloads/alpaca_28.pdf] Plotting the data captured with the sequence of commands shown above with gnuplot yields a result like this:

[[File:Hindmarsh_rose_x.jpg|center|500px]]

Power

2022-08-30T20:06:30Z

Sven: update of cable type

[[File:USB Type-A plug coloured.svg|thumb|USB-A connector]]

The '''Power specitification''' for [[The Analog Thing]] is rather simple: Any standard USB power supply should do. The power demand is really minimal, the integrated DC-DC power supply (TBA 2-0522) can convert 2W of power from 5 VDC to 12 VDC. See [[Machine Units]] for details. For the schematics about power supply in the computer, see [[:File:Anathing v1.0 base 1.pdf]].

''Pre-series THATs'' had a USB connector of ''Type A''. This was an unusual design choise for ''client-like'' (non USB host) devices. However, already the series 1.1 (the first one shipped to customers by Anabrid) had a modern-day USB-C connector. A high-quality USB A to C cable is also included with each THAT.

Also note that USB is adopted ''only'' for power and no data transfer at all. The Analog Thing is analog and a USB communication would require the presence of a digital computer (such as a [[microcontroller]]) within the Analog Thing.

[[Category:Components of The Analog Thing]]

File:THAT Demolabel.pdf

2022-08-30T20:01:54Z

Sven: Dummy example of the serial number labels put on each THAT backside

== Summary ==
Dummy example of the serial number labels put on each THAT backside
== Licensing ==
{{CopyrightByAnabrid}}

User:Sven

2022-06-24T07:06:17Z

Sven: /* Essays */ +link

[[File:Sven.jpg|thumb|That's me]]

Hello, my name is '''Sven Köppel'''. I am the chief scientific officer (CSO) of [http://www.anabrid.com Anabrid GmbH], the company that buils the [[The Analog Thing]] (among other cool and interesting things). My private website is https://svenk.org/

=== My work in this wiki ===
I am an administrator on this wiki and I currently run the wiki server. Since this wiki is currently still small, I don't recommend to use ''talk pages'' but instead contact me by sending mail to <code>lastname@anabrid.com</code>, with translating <code>ö = oe</code>.

I like wikis and worked with the underlying software, MediaWiki, since a long time. When setting up a installation of the MediaWiki engine, the popular Wikipedia (Wiki based encyclopedia) is always some kind of reference.

In order to see my contributions, please go to [[Special:Contributions/Sven]] to see my contributions on this wiki. See also [[TheAnalogThing:About]] for some open issues about the wiki installation itself.

=== Essays ===
Here is a [https://the-analog-thing.org/wiki/Special:PrefixIndex?prefix=User%3ASven%2F&namespace=0 list of articles] I have written in my [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages user page domain]:

* [[/On That Price|About the Price of The Analog Thing]]
* [[/Positive Framing for Analog|Positive Framing/Connotations/Alternatives for the word »Analog«]]

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-06-19T12:46:32Z

Sven: meeting today is canceled

[[File:Anabrid zoom.jpg|thumb|Meet us in a Zoom!]]
The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

The main focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions). However: ''All kind of questions are allowed''. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time.

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 19, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer] – '''canceled'''
* 18pm Berlin time at July 03, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* ... and future days (biweekly repetition)

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-06-05T16:10:37Z

Sven: /* Days and Times */ updated/corrected schedule.

[[File:Anabrid zoom.jpg|thumb|Meet us in a Zoom!]]
The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

The main focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions). However: ''All kind of questions are allowed''. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time.

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 19, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at July 03, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* ... and future days (biweekly repetition)

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Soundcard

2022-05-31T19:46:25Z

Sven: implementet a proper mediawiki redirection, see https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Help:Redirects

#REDIRECT [[Soundcard Oscilloscope]]

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:56:43Z

Sven: Some Photo ;)

[[File:Anabrid zoom.jpg|thumb|Meet us in a Zoom!]]
The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

The main focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions). However: ''All kind of questions are allowed''. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time.

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* ... and future days (biweekly repetition)

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

File:Anabrid zoom.jpg

2022-05-11T11:56:18Z

Sven: A screenshot from a zoom of our team. Shows User:Sven

== Summary ==
A screenshot from a zoom of our team. Shows [[User:Sven]]
== Licensing ==
{{CopyrightByAnabrid}}

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:40:14Z

Sven:

The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

The main focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions). However: ''All kind of questions are allowed''. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time.

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* ... and future days (biweekly repetition)

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:40:09Z

Sven:

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:28:53Z

Sven:

The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

All kind of questions are allowed. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time. The intended focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions).

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* ... and future days (biweekly repetition)

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Analog Conslutation Hour

2022-05-11T11:28:00Z

Sven: Sven moved page Analog Conslutation Hour to Analog Consultation Hour

#REDIRECT [[Analog Consultation Hour]]

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:28:00Z

Sven: Sven moved page Analog Conslutation Hour to Analog Consultation Hour

The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

All kind of questions are allowed. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time. The intended focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions).

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:27:50Z

Sven:

The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

All kind of questions are allowed. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time. The intended focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions).

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. We also decided to make the meeting at the weekend in order to simplify the stress on all our calendars. Times and dates might change in the future to include also people in Asia. If the format is accepted by lively participation, we certainly will also offer more dates.

Analog Consultation Hour

2022-05-11T11:25:24Z

Sven: Created page with "The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no..."

The '''Analog Consultation Hour''' is a periodic virtual ''question and answer webinar'' taking place in a Zoom channel. The participation is free of charge and requires no prior registration. The meeting language is English. Moderation takes place by [[anabrid]]. The overall length of this webinar shall not exceed one hour (=60 minutes).

All kind of questions are allowed. Particular problems which require intensive discussion and are of no interest for broad audience can lead to ''breakout sessions''. This is a function of Zoom allowing some participants to move to some other room for a short amount of time. The intended focus of this meeting are questions around [[The Analog Thing]] (such as: usage, programming, debugging but also order and shipping questions).

Our motivation is to collect requests within a single meeting, as many questions can be answered in a single way. For us, this is an experimental and new format. If all participants agree, we will also try out video recording in future sessions in order to make it easy for people to view the session afterwards who could not join in person.

== Place (Zoom link) ==
This zoom link should allow you to join the meeting: '''https://anabrid.zoom.us/j/94750770887'''. There is no password but a waiting room.

== Days and Times ==
The biweekly meeting will take place at Sundays 6pm Berlin time (CEST). The first meeting takes place on Sunday, May 22nd, 2022. All upcoming meeting times are therefore:

* 18pm Berlin time at May 22, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 05, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]
* 18pm Berlin time at June 18, 2022 [https://everytimezone.com/s/098cbc90 Timezone viewer]

People all over the world are interested in analog technologies. For the moment, we decided to make a time which is suitable for people in Europe and America. This might change in the future to include also people in Asia.

FAQ Synthesizers

2022-04-07T08:51:22Z

Sven: +Q

[[File:Eurorack Modular Synthesizer.jpg|thumb|A 9U Eurorack modular synthesizer with various modules]]

On this page, we collect '''Frequently Asked Questions''' about connecting [[The Analog Thing]] to '''Synthesizers''' and in particular to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurorack Eurorack system]. If you have some questions and/or answers, feel free to add them to this page.

== Does THAT have 2mm or 4mm banana plugs? ==
It's 2mm banana plugs.

== Can I connect Eurorack directly to THAT? ==
Eurorack seems to have ±10V voltage levels. This is similar to THAT ''front panel'' but not THAT line levels on the RCA input/output sockets, which are only about ±1.2V. In theory, there is nothing preventing you from connecting Eurorack directly to THAT front panel. The only thing you need is some physical interface, i.e. some adapter cable.

== Do you provide Eurorack adapters to THAT? ==
No, we do not. We encourage the THAT community to produce such adapters, probably as boards or as cables.

== What's the issue with THAT banana sockets? ==
In order to keep THAT cheap, they are gold plated PCB vias, instead of regular sockets. However, regular banana sockets are standard equipment for any electronics shop, and some instances for compatible sockets are [https://www.reichelt.de/de/en/banana-socket-2-mm-solder-cup-white-r921926000-p273377.html?GROUPID=7473&START=0&OFFSET=16&SID=943753770d662dc643fc66df83a2544d739295783b09ca58f056f&LANGUAGE=EN&&r=1] and [https://www.mouser.de/ProductDetail/Johnson-Cinch-Connectivity-Solutions/105-0604-001?qs=mXFFu1Tk4DW77V%2FEj7Zgow%3D%3D].

[[Category:Applications]]
[[Category:Hardware]]

FAQ Synthesizers

2022-04-07T08:24:28Z

Sven: +image

FAQ Synthesizers

2022-04-07T08:23:38Z

Sven: Created page with "On this page, we collect '''Frequently Asked Questions''' about connecting The Analog Thing to '''Synthesizers''' and in particular to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/E..."

On this page, we collect '''Frequently Asked Questions''' about connecting [[The Analog Thing]] to '''Synthesizers''' and in particular to the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurorack Eurorack system]. If you have some questions and/or answers, feel free to add them to this page.

== Does THAT have 2mm or 4mm banana plugs? ==
It's 2mm banana plugs.

== Can I connect Eurorack directly to THAT? ==
Eurorack seems to have ±10V voltage levels. This is similar to THAT ''front panel'' but not THAT line levels on the RCA input/output sockets, which are only about ±1.2V. In theory, there is nothing preventing you from connecting Eurorack directly to THAT front panel. The only thing you need is some physical interface, i.e. some adapter cable.

== Do you provide Eurorack adapters to THAT? ==
No, we do not. We encourage the THAT community to produce such adapters, probably as boards or as cables.

[[Category:Applications]]
[[Category:Electronics]]

User:Sven/Positive Framing for Analog

2022-03-15T21:26:30Z

Sven:

Let's face it: '''The word »analog« is associated with a thing from the past'''. We are in a world where literally everybody, in particular in politics and economy, works on intensifying the »digital« lifestyle/experience/process. In many contexts, »digital« is a synonym for progress, future, efficiency and, in economical terms, growth and prosperity. In these situations, »analog« is typically used as a synoym for the »offline world« with all its slowness, mindfulness, probably backward-looking policies. Where »digital buisness scales«, analog (at first glance) does not. The word »analog« was sacrificed for a digital world.

Obviously this perception is far away from the academic world, where there are unbiased definitions for analog vs. digital in the context of signal processing, information theory, electronics and more. But here is the catch: The fast-moving trends make big fuss about wording (often also refered to as »bullshit bingo«). Digital is cool and hip, analog as the antonym is the opposite. It is very hard, maybe impossible, to change this worldwide perception in the non-academic world. Therefore, we need alternative terms to overcome prejudices.

== Learning from the Quantum buisness ==
The term »quantum« has an interesting past. Without doubt, quantum physics is percieved as one of the most complex scientific domains, on pair with rocket science or nano technologies. Names such as Albert Einstein are associated with quantum physics, so apparently one has to be very clever to understand quantum physics.

And yet the term »quantum computing« gained traction. In my impression, the word »quantum« is associated with mystical and complicated but superior phenomena compared to the »traditional« world (the correct scientific antonym is in fact »classical«). It does not even matter how »quantum computing« works in detail. Coincidentally, there is an awful lot of analog electronics involved in quantum circuitery, and it is even safe (but very academic) to say that quantum computing implements a superset of the analog computing paradigm.

Stating that analog computing is »part of« or »beyond« quantum computing is an appropriate non-scientific expression and allows the analog paradigm to acquire a taste of the mysterious and superior quantum world.

== Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing ==
'''Analog computing is »continous« or »continuity« computing'''. Technically, this is right both in terms of time and value representation, and it sounds way more forward-looking then »analog« computing. Continuity is associated with an unbroken chain, with perservence, strength and trust. It is undoubtfully a more positive connotated adjective then »analog«.

'''Analog computing is »real« or »real valued« computing'''. This sounds more technical, but has a deeper philosophical touch, since the »reality« is frequently described as being »analog«, and being/remaining »virtual« is frequently percieved as a shortcoming of the digital world. »Real computing« is certainly a very bold statement, probably even offensive. However, it also highlights that the objects of analog computing are elements of the real world, suggesting a simplicity, directness and comprehensibility which is not wrong at all. Making calculus more accessible is in fact one of the strong points of analog computing.

'''Analog computing is »calculus« computing'''. The term »calculus« is a doubled-edged sword: On the one hand, it can awake similar associations as »quantum« (with all its assets and drawbacks). On the other hand, most people with a high school graduation have some remembrance of calculus, which is assumably for most people not positive. Technically, the term is very precise, as differential calculus in form of ordinary differential equations is the natural mathematical language for analog computers in the same way as Boolean algebra is for digital computers. And yet I never hear of »Boolean« computers.

== Summary and disclaimer ==
I suggest people to use alternative terms for analog computers, in particular in order to convince buisness people. Neglecting scientific correctness is not only permitted but required in order to overcome barriers and biased opinions. It is natural to choose a different language for different audience, something which is well known in scientific outreach and education. It cannot harm but only increase understanding and evventually allow for using more precise words once a common understanding and language has been found.

As a disclaimer, the auther wants to confess that he is quantum physicist and a 21st century child (»Gen Y«). Of course I'm fascinated both by quantum physics and the digital world/economy and all its possibilities. And yet I'm into [[anabrid]]s mission of incorporating analog computing in a digital world. As a scientist, I see no contradiction in exploiting the best of digital and analog computing approaches at the same time. As an entrepreneur, I see a wall of prejudices against the »analog paradigm«, and this is mainly a »communications drawback«, where proper wording (framing) can make a huge difference. This is why I wrote this essay.

User:Sven/Positive Framing for Analog

2022-03-15T21:25:13Z

Sven: +summary

Let's face it: '''The word »analog« is associated with a thing from the past'''. We are in a world where literally everybody, in particular in politics and economy, works on intensifying the »digital« lifestyle/experience/process. In many contexts, »digital« is a synonym for progress, future, efficiency and, in economical terms, growth and prosperity. In these situations, »analog« is typically used as a synoym for the »offline world« with all its slowness, mindfulness, probably backward-looking policies. Where »digital buisness scales«, analog does not. The word »analog« was sacrificed for a digital world.

Obviously this perception is far away from the academic world, where there are unbiased definitions for analog vs. digital in the context of signal processing, information theory, electronics and more. But here is the catch: The fast-moving trends make big fuss about wording (often also refered to as »bullshit bingo«). Digital is cool and hip, analog as the antonym is the opposite. It is very hard, maybe impossible, to change this worldwide perception in the non-academic world. Therefore, we need alternative terms to overcome prejudices.

== Learning from the Quantum buisness ==
The term »quantum« has an interesting past. Without doubt, quantum physics is percieved as one of the most complex scientific domains, on pair with rocket science or nano technologies. Names such as Albert Einstein are associated with quantum physics, so apparently one has to be very clever to understand quantum physics.

And yet the term »quantum computing« gained traction. In my impression, the word »quantum« is associated with mystical and complicated but superior phenomena compared to the »traditional« world (the correct scientific antonym is in fact »classical«). It does not even matter how »quantum computing« works in detail. Coincidentally, there is an awful lot of analog electronics involved in quantum circuitery, and it is even safe (but very academic) to say that quantum computing implements a superset of the analog computing paradigm.

Stating that analog computing is »part of« or »beyond« quantum computing is an appropriate non-scientific expression and allows the analog paradigm to acquire a taste of the mysterious and superior quantum world.

== Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing ==
'''Analog computing is »continous« or »continuity« computing'''. Technically, this is right both in terms of time and value representation, and it sounds way more forward-looking then »analog« computing. Continuity is associated with an unbroken chain, with perservence, strength and trust. It is undoubtfully a more positive connotated adjective then »analog«.

'''Analog computing is »real« or »real valued« computing'''. This sounds more technical, but has a deeper philosophical touch, since the »reality« is frequently described as being »analog«, and being/remaining »virtual« is frequently percieved as a shortcoming of the digital world. »Real computing« is certainly a very bold statement, probably even offensive. However, it also highlights that the objects of analog computing are elements of the real world, suggesting a simplicity, directness and comprehensibility which is not wrong at all. Making calculus more accessible is in fact one of the strong points of analog computing.

'''Analog computing is »calculus« computing'''. The term »calculus« is a doubled-edged sword: On the one hand, it can awake similar associations as »quantum« (with all its assets and drawbacks). On the other hand, most people with a high school graduation have some remembrance of calculus, which is assumably for most people not positive. Technically, the term is very precise, as differential calculus in form of ordinary differential equations is the natural mathematical language for analog computers in the same way as Boolean algebra is for digital computers. And yet I never hear of »Boolean« computers.

== Summary and disclaimer ==
I suggest people to use alternative terms for analog computers, in particular in order to convince buisness people. Neglecting scientific correctness is not only permitted but required in order to overcome barriers and biased opinions. It is natural to choose a different language for different audience, something which is well known in scientific outreach and education. It cannot harm but only increase understanding and evventually allow for using more precise words once a common understanding and language has been found.

As a disclaimer, the auther wants to confess that he is quantum physicist and a 21st century child (»Gen Y«). Of course I'm fascinated both by quantum physics and the digital world/economy and all its possibilities. And yet I'm into [[anabrid]]s mission of incorporating analog computing in a digital world. As a scientist, I see no contradiction in exploiting the best of digital and analog computing approaches at the same time. As an entrepreneur, I see a wall of prejudices against the »analog paradigm«, and this is mainly a »communications drawback«, where proper wording (framing) can make a huge difference. This is why I wrote this essay.

User:Sven/Positive Framing for Analog

2022-03-15T21:14:28Z

Sven: Some ideas

Let's face it: '''The word »analog« is associated with a thing from the past'''. We are in a world where literally everybody, in particular in politics and economy, works on intensifying the »digital« lifestyle/experience/process. In many contexts, »digital« is a synonym for progress, future, efficiency and, in economical terms, growth and prosperity. In these situations, »analog« is typically used as a synoym for the »offline world« with all its slowness, mindfulness, probably backward-looking policies. Where »digital buisness scales«, analog does not. The word »analog« was sacrificed for a digital world.

Obviously this perception is far away from the academic world, where there are unbiased definitions for analog vs. digital in the context of signal processing, information theory, electronics and more. But here is the catch: The fast-moving trends make big fuss about wording (often also refered to as »bullshit bingo«). Digital is cool and hip, analog as the antonym is the opposite. It is very hard, maybe impossible, to change this worldwide perception in the non-academic world. Therefore, we need alternative terms to overcome prejudices.

== Learning from the Quantum buisness ==
The term »quantum« has an interesting past. Without doubt, quantum physics is percieved as one of the most complex scientific domains, on pair with rocket science or nano technologies. Names such as Albert Einstein are associated with quantum physics, so apparently one has to be very clever to understand quantum physics.

And yet the term »quantum computing« gained traction. In my impression, the word »quantum« is associated with mystical and complicated but superior phenomena compared to the »traditional« world (the correct scientific antonym is in fact »classical«). It does not even matter how »quantum computing« works in detail. Coincidentally, there is an awful lot of analog electronics involved in quantum circuitery, and it is even safe (but very academic) to say that quantum computing implements a superset of the analog computing paradigm.

Stating that analog computing is »part of« or »beyond« quantum computing is an appropriate non-scientific expression and allows the analog paradigm to acquire a taste of the mysterious and superior quantum world.

== Continous Computing: A correct synonym for analog computing ==
Analog computing is »continous« or »continuity« computing. Technically, this is right both in terms of time and value representation, and it sounds way more forward-looking then »analog« computing. Continuity is associated with an unbroken chain, with perservence, strength and trust. It is undoubtfully a more positive connotated adjective then »analog«.

Analog computing is »real« or »real valued« computing. This sounds more technical, but has a deeper philosophical touch, since the »reality« is frequently described as being »analog«, and being/remaining »virtual« is frequently percieved as a shortcoming of the digital world. »Real computing« is certainly a very bold statement, probably even offensive. However, it also highlights that the objects of analog computing are elements of the real world, suggesting a simplicity, directness and comprehensibility which is not wrong at all. Making calculus more accessible is in fact one of the strong points of analog computing.

Analog computing is »calculus« computing. The term »calculus« is a doubled-edged sword: On the one hand, it can awake similar associations as »quantum« (with all its assets and drawbacks). On the other hand, most people with a high school graduation have some remembrance of calculus, which is assumably for most people not positive. Technically, the term is very precise, as differential calculus in form of ordinary differential equations is the natural mathematical language for analog computers in the same way as Boolean algebra is for digital computers. And yet I never hear of »Boolean« computers.

User:Sven

2022-03-15T20:42:58Z

Sven: /* Essays */ +1

[[File:Sven.jpg|thumb|That's me]]

Hello, my name is '''Sven Köppel'''. I am the chief scientific officer (CSO) of [http://www.anabrid.com Anabrid GmbH], the company that buils the [[The Analog Thing]] (among other cool and interesting things). My private website is https://svenk.org/

=== My work in this wiki ===
I am an administrator on this wiki and I currently run the wiki server. Since this wiki is currently still small, I don't recommend to use ''talk pages'' but instead contact me by sending mail to <code>lastname@anabrid.com</code>, with translating <code>ö = oe</code>.

I like wikis and worked with the underlying software, MediaWiki, since a long time. When setting up a installation of the MediaWiki engine, the popular Wikipedia (Wiki based encyclopedia) is always some kind of reference.

In order to see my contributions, please go to [[Special:Contributions/Sven]] to see my contributions on this wiki. See also [[TheAnalogThing:About]] for some open issues about the wiki installation itself.

=== Essays ===
Here is a list of articles I have written in my [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:User_pages user page domain]:

* [[/On That Price|About the Price of The Analog Thing]]
* [[/Positive Framing for Analog|Positive Framing/Connotations/Alternatives for the word »Analog«]]

Talk:Hybrid Computer

2022-03-15T20:40:34Z

Sven: /* Hybrid Port Pinout */ aw

== Hybrid Port Pinout ==

Is there a full pinout for the hybrid port? I also don't see it in the schematics for some reason. --[[User:DRayX|DRayX]] ([[User talk:DRayX|talk]]) 21:10, 14 March 2022 (CET)

:The reason is that it was added in a more recent version of THAT (v1.2 IIRC) which was not yet released on the wiki. I guess it's present at https://github.com/anabrid/the-analog-thing/tree/main/ANATHING_OSH which is more recent. --[[User:Sven|Sven]] ([[User talk:Sven|talk]]) 21:40, 15 March 2022 (CET)

File:THAT wiring sketch tempate.pdf

2022-03-04T11:18:28Z

Sven: Wiring Sketch template for THAT. Made by User:Tfischer. (Tom).

== Summary ==
Wiring Sketch template for THAT. Made by [[User:Tfischer]]. (Tom).
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

File:THAT First Steps.pdf

2022-03-03T10:33:40Z

Sven: Version 1.0 of Thomas.

== Summary ==
Version 1.0 of Thomas.
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

Rotation matrix

2021-12-29T12:36:47Z

Sven: intro + cat

This page describes [[Electronics]] to implement '''3-dimensional coordinate transformations''' in terms of a rotation matrix. The most typical use case is some analog circuit which computes the 3-dimensional particle trajectory (x,y,z). This three-dimensional space is typically projected on the two dimensional oscilloscope screen by just showing some plane, for instance the z-plane, so that (x,y) are visible. By means of a ''physical'' rotation matrix, you can rotate the (x,y,z) space so that you can see a two-dimensional image (projection) from an arbitrary direction.

A 24-step switch can be used for angle adjustment in 15° steps. These 4x24 switches are available on Aliexpress for less than 10€. Search for "4*24 Rotary Switch".

[[File:4x24_rotary_switch.jpg]]

The switch must be disassembled to remove the limiter, so that the axis can be rotated over the full 360° range.

[[File:limiter_in_switch.jpg]]

In those planes that make the sin() and -sin() signals, the contact must be removed from the A position and inserted in position B, which is 90° phase shifted from A. For the -sin() signal, the phase shift is in the other direction.

[[File:contact_in_switch.jpg]]

For yaw, pitch and roll rotations you need three switches.

[[File:3_switches.jpg]]

This is the schematic for half of the switch. It has an input A and two outputs A*sin(alpha) and A*cos(alpha).
The schematic for the other half is identical, but the contact in the switch is phase shifted in the other direction so that the outputs are -A*sin(alpha) and A*cos(alpha).

[[File:schematic_rotation_switch.jpg]]

This is the main schematic:

[[File:schematic_rotator.jpg]]

It doesn't matter that the outputs X' and Y' are inverted. Just rotate the switch 180° to invert the signs.

Three rotators can be combined for making yaw, pitch and roll rotations:

[[File:Yaw_pitch_roll.jpg]]

[[Category:Applications]]

Damped oscillation

2021-12-29T12:32:52Z

Sven: +cat

[[File:ExecutionOfAnAnalogSimulation.jpg|thumb|Execution of an analog simulation]]
The modeling of a '''damped oscillation''' is a good starting point for analog programming beginners. This article shall give a detailed step by step explanation how to implement a simulation on '''The Analog Thing''' by describing the system with a differential equation, deriving a computer circuit using the full repatriation method (originally developed by Lord Kelvin around 1875) and to get results on an oscilloscope.

There are four major steps to execute a simulation on an analog computer, all of which are equally crucial:
# Describe the to be simulated system with differential equations
# Derive a computer circuit from these equations
# Wire the computer circuit on the analog computer (including connection to output device) and adjust parameters
# Choose viable visualization method (usually oscilloscopes).

This article will focus on point 2. to 4. and requires a basic understanding of differential equations.

== 1. Mathematical description of a damped oscillation ==
[[File:Damped oscillator.png|thumb|Basic model of a damped oscillation]]
The first and often hardest step of modeling a to be simulated system on an analog computer is to give an exact mathematical description of the system in the form of differential equations.
For this example the full description is rather short:

Find all acting forces, three in this case:
- '''Spring force Fs = k*x;'''
k = spring coefficient, x = deflection
- '''Inertia force Fm = m*a;'''
m = mass, a = acceleration
- '''Damper force Fd = d*v;'''
d = damper coefficient, v = velocity
Set the sum of all forces to zero (definition of an isolated system):
Fm + Fd + Fs = 0
m*a + d*v + k*x = 0
Replace the velocity '''v''' with '''ẋ''' and the acceleration '''a''' with '''ẍ'''
'''v = ẋ'''
(the velocity equals the first derivative of x)
'''a = ẍ'''
(the acceleration equals the second derivative of x)
m*a + d*v + k*x
= m*ẍ + d*ẋ + k*x = 0
Now we have an exact description of the damped oscillation in the form of a differential equation.

In outlook of step 2, solve this equation for the highest derivative in order to execute the full repatriation later on:
-> '''ẍ = -(d*ẋ + k*x) / m'''

== 2. Derivation of a computer circuit ==
At first, we need to understand three basic computing elements which can probably be found on every electrical analog computer:

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Description !! Circuit part
|-
|'''The coefficient potentiometer''', which is used to multiply an input x with the factor a so '''a*x ''' is generated.

'''Note: a can only accept values between 0 and 1!'''

Can also be used as dividing factor so '''x/a''' is generated.

|| [[File:CoefficientpotentiometerSymbol.png|thumb|300px|Coefficient potentiometer Scheme]]
|-
|'''The inverter // summer''', the input (or inputs) can be found on the left and the output on the right.

Note: '''Due to technical reasons the output of a summer is negated! Input: x,y --> Output: -(x+y)'''

At the basis of the output inversion '''a summer with one input functions as inverter''' and therefore the summer and the inverter share the same circuit symbol.
||
[[File:SummerSymbol.png|thumb|300px|Basic Summer Scheme]]
[[File:DO Inverter01.png|thumb|300px|Basic Inverter Scheme]]
|-
| '''The integrator''', the input (or inputs) can be found on the left and the output on the right.

Coming from above you find '''ẋ0''', which represents the starting condition of the integrator (often referred to initial condition) and can be thought of as the integration constant. When there is no initial condition drawn in the circuit, it is set to 0.

'''Note: Due to technical reasons the output of an integrator is negated! ẍ -->-ẋ'''

Electrical analog integrators can only integrate over time.
|| [[File:IntegratorSymbol_v2.png|thumb|300px|Basic Integrator Scheme]]
|}

With these basic computing elements we are able to generate '''ẍ = -(d*ẋ + k*x) / m'''.

The basic idea of the full repatriation method is to '''solve the differential equation for it´s highest derivative and assume it (in this case ẍ) as input of the first integrator.''' From there on you add computing elements to generate '''-(d*ẋ + k*x) / m''', which will then be given as input of the first integrator to close the circuit.

{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
! Description !! Circuit
|-
|As mentioned above, start with an integrator and assume the highest derivative as input.

'''ẍ''' represents the deflection over time. If '''ẋ0''' is set to 1, the damped oscillation starts with maximum velocity.
||[[File:IntegratorSymbol_v2.png|thumb|300px|Basic integrator]]
|-
| When putting another integrator behind the first, you can generate '''-ẋ''' and '''x''' || [[File:TwoIntegrators_v3.png|thumb|300px|Generating all derivatives]]
|-
| To generate '''ẋ''' from '''-ẋ''', branch off the circuit behind the first integrator and put the second wire in an inverter.|| [[File:DO part01_v2.png|thumb|300px|Generating all derivatives with correct sign]]
|-
| Insert two coefficient potentiometers to give '''ẋ''' and '''x''' their coefficients.

'''k = spring coefficient

'''d = damper coefficient

To generate '''d*ẋ''' and '''k*x'''
||[[File:DO part02_v2.png|thumb|300px|Using of coefficient potentiometers to multiply parameters with a constant value]]
|-
| Merge the outputs of the coefficient potentiometers in a summer.

Note the sign change, which is rather useful for this case.

Output: '''-(d*ẋ + k*x)'''
|| [[File:DO part03_v2.png|thumb|300px|Merging the potentiometer outputs in a summer]]
|-
| As last computing part add another coefficient potentiometer to divide the output of the summer with the mass coefficient.

Output: '''-(d*ẋ + k*x) / m'''
|| [[File:DO part04_v2.png|thumb|300px|Adding a potentiometer to add mass coefficient]]
|-
| Next to final step is to close the computing circuit by connecting the output of the last potentiometer with the input of the first integrator.

The sign is already correct.
|| [[File:DO part05_v2.png|thumb|300px|Closing the circuit]]
|-
| Lastly, branch off the circuit at a given point to use it later on with a given interface.

In this case the circuit is branched just after the inverter to make the signal (in this case the velocity over time) visible on an oscilloscope later on.

Usually, outputs are drawn as arrows.
|| [[File:DO part06_v2.png|thumb|300px|Final circuit]]
|}

== 3. Wiring the circuit on a THAT and adjusting parameters ==
In order to wire the circuit worked out above you need to be familiar with the computing elements used.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Description !! Images
|-
|On the right side you find an overview image of '''The Analog Thing''' without wiring.

It has much more computing parts than needed for this task.

Important basics:
#'''Round/circular panels --> Inputs
#'''Triangular panels --> Outputs
#'''Rectangular panels --> Static signals and advanced things

Black inputs (with a 10 next to it) are not important for this task.

Important for integrators:

'''IC-panel:''' IC refers to '''initial condition''' and is used to set the starting condition of the integrator.

If the IC panel is left open, the initial condition is set to zero.
|| [[File:THATv1.0 overview.jpg|thumb|500px|THAT overview]]
|-
|In this image the for this task important computing elements, panels and switches are highlighted.

Note that you certainly do not need every marked computing element, just some of each type.
|| [[File:THATv1.0 parts01.jpg|thumb|500px|THAT overview]]
|}
From this point you can start wiring the actual simulation circuit. Colors from circuit scheme and actual images are matched to make them easier to identify, but have no further meaning.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Description !! Image/circuit
|-
| '''Step 1:'''

Start with the first integrator.

Set the initial condition of the integrator to 1 by connecting the IC-panel with the panel directly below (rectangular +1, green wire).

Also, connect a blue wire to the first integrators input and a red wire to it´s output, but leave them open.

The blue wire shall be the last wire to be closed at the end.
|| [[File:DO Int03.png|thumb|500px|First integrator]] [[File:DO That01.jpg|thumb|500px|First integrator]]
|-
| '''Step 2:'''

Connect the output of the first integrator (red wire) to the input of the second integrator.

Connect a yellow cable to the output of the second integrator.
|| [[File:DO Int04.png|thumb|500px|First and second integrator]] [[File:DO That02.jpg|thumb|500px|First and second integrator]]
|-
| '''Step 3:'''

Connect the second output of the first integrator with the input of the first inverter with a red wire.

Be careful not to mix up the SJ panel of the inverter with the input panel.

Connect a black cable to the output of the first inverter.
|| [[File:DO Int05.png|thumb|500px|Connected inverter]] [[File:DO That03.jpg|thumb|500px|Connected inverter]]
|-
| '''Step 4:'''

Connect the output of the second integrator (yellow wire) with the input of the first potentiometer.

Connect the output of the inverter (black wire) to the input of the second potentiometer.

Connect both outputs of the just cabled potentiometers with green wires.

Note: For practical reasons potentiometers are usually numbered in the to be executed circuit plan.
|| [[File:DO Int06.png|thumb|500px|Connected potentiometers]] [[File:DO That04.jpg|thumb|500px|Connected potentiometers]]
|-
| '''Step 5:'''

Connect both potentiometer outputs (green wires) each with an input of the summer.

Connect a red wire to the output of the summer.
|| [[File:DO Int07.png|thumb|500px|Connected inverter]] [[File:DO That05.jpg|thumb|500px|Connected inverter]]
|-
| '''Step 6:'''

Connect the output of the summer (red wire) with the input of the third potentiometer.

Connect the input of the first integrator (blue wire) with the output of the third potentiometer.

The circuit is closed.
|| [[File:DO Int08.png|thumb|500px|Closed circuit]] [[File:DO That06.jpg|thumb|500px|Closed circuit]]
|-
| '''Step 7:'''

Connect the output of the inverter with an output panel (x, y, z or u) by plugging a yellow wire on top of the black wire connected with said output.
|| [[File:DO Int09.png|thumb|500px|Connected output]] [[File:DO That07.jpg|thumb|500px|Connected output]]
|-
|}

[[Category:Applications]]

User talk:Brucekissinger

2021-12-16T21:44:21Z

Sven: hi

== Hi ==
Hell Brucekissinger!

Thank you for your discussion points at [[Talk:Software]]. I'm sorry they were somewhat lost in the wiki changes. Considering the low discussion activity here (at the moment), it would probably have been better to drop an email. Anyway, now I put my opinion below your points :-)

All the best, --[[User:Sven|Sven]] ([[User talk:Sven|talk]]) 22:44, 16 December 2021 (CET)

Talk:Software

2021-12-16T21:42:34Z

Sven: answering questions. did not notice them so far!

== How to write down analog programs ==
I wonder if it would be useful to have a section on how best to document the wiring for a particular "program" (not sure what to call it) on the THAT? For example, how do you document that the output of Integrator 1 goes to the input of Summer 2? --[[User:Brucekissinger]]

:Hi,
:The particular instances of the components are typically omitted, but it is quite trivial to add them to the circuit diagram. Take the ones of the [[Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model]] application:
: [[File:Hindmarsh rose prg.pdf|600px]]
:Consider the two multipliers. This diagram does not prescribe which multiplier has to be assigned to the two ones on THAT. But it is quite obvious that you could annotate one with a little <code>1</code> and one with a little <code>2</code> in the diagram. This is in fact the way how we denote individual computing elements.
:Best, --[[User:Sven|Sven]] ([[User talk:Sven|talk]]) 22:42, 16 December 2021 (CET)

== Jupyter notebooks ==
I use Jupyter notebooks at work and was wondering if it would be useful to create a Jupyter notebook extension that could be used to show the wiring that is needed. I envision the notebook to be useful for documentation only and not suggesting that the notebook would directly execute something on the THAT device. But that would be a cool feature to add. --[[User:Brucekissinger]]

:This is in fact an interesting idea. If you want to produce something, we are eager to hear about it. Such a concept is worth one wiki page or two! --[[User:Sven|Sven]] ([[User talk:Sven|talk]]) 22:42, 16 December 2021 (CET)

3D Models of The Analog Thing

2021-12-16T09:36:52Z

Sven: Created page with "This page collects '''3D models''' of The Analog Thing. They could be called ''digital twins'' of the board. == A 3D model == 500px..."

This page collects '''3D models''' of [[The Analog Thing]]. They could be called ''digital twins'' of the board.

== A 3D model ==
[[File:Rhino 3dmodel THAT.png|center|500px]]

Picture shows 3D model in Rhino.

* Model: (not yet published)
* Created by [[User:Tfischer]]

== An STL outline ==
[[File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021 Rendering.png|thumb|Display of the STL file in Blender]]

* Model: [[File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021.stl]]
* This model is also available at https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:5165953
* Based on the 3d model above by [[User:Tfischer]].

File:Rhino 3dmodel THAT.png

2021-12-16T09:34:30Z

Sven: Screenshot of a model by User:TFischer.

== Summary ==
Screenshot of a model by [[User:TFischer]].
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

The Analog Thing

2021-12-16T09:31:56Z

Sven: /* CAD and Gerber files */

[[File:Cta bg.jpg|thumb|A closeup of a THAT in [[Minion]] mode with [[Oscilloscope]] probes attached.]]
'''The Analog Thing''' (abbreviated as ''THAT'') is a high-quality, low-cost, open-source, and not-for-profit cutting-edge analog computer developed by [[anabrid]] under the brand Analog Paradigm for educational and recreational purposes. THAT will be available for sale at a net cost price of around €300. The component list, circuit diagrams and circuit board layouts of THAT are all Open Source. Information on how to build THAT from scratch and how to operate it can be found on this wiki.

== Version 1.0: Specifications and Photos ==
The prototype consists of two main parts: A top PCB with gold-plated through-hole sockets suitable for
2 mm patch cables, and a base PCB, which contains the main electronic circuitry, the
manual controls and ports for external connectivity. A [[Panel Meter]] mounted in the top PCB can be used to display coefficient values and, when the device is set to the repetitive operation mode, its operation time.

The size of the analog computer is 203mm x 240mm x 35 mm (with knobs).

<gallery>
File:Promo 1.jpg|A first glance
File:Front Board v1.0.jpg|Front board v1.0
File:Base Board v1.0 patched.jpg|Base board v1.0
File:Test Circuit closeup v1.0.jpg|Close-up of a test circuit
</gallery>

== Schematics ==
The schematics and bill of materials for the base board are [[Open Source]] and can be found here:

<gallery>
File:anathing_v1.0_base_1.pdf|BASE part 1
File:anathing_v1.0_base_2.pdf|BASE part 2
File:anathing_v1.0_base_3.pdf|BASE part 3
File:anathing_v1.0_base_4.pdf|BASE part 4
File:Bill_Of_Materials.pdf|Bill of materials BASE
</gallery>

The schematic of the FRONT PCB can be found here:

<gallery>
File:anathing_v1.0_front.pdf|FRONT part 1
File:anathing_v1.0_front_2.pdf|FRONT part 2
File:AnalogThingFront-Bill_Of_Materials.pdf|Bill of materials FRONT
</gallery>

== CAD and Gerber files ==
{{Todo|Upload the Gerber files here}}

[[File:THAT-Dimensions.png|thumb|A first glance at the dimensions of THAT]]

The size of the PCB is 201mm x 240mm. The overall height (including feet and front panel potentiometers) is 38mm. The height of the two PCBs (without screws) is 16mm. Note that the base PCB has throught hole components, thus feets are mandatory (at least 2mm in elevation). The weight is approximately 900g including cables.

We have digital [[3D Models of The Analog Thing]] in the wiki.

== Instructions and further reading ==

* [[Assembly instructions]]
* [[Testing]] instructions
* [[Components of The Analog Thing]]
* [[The Analog Thing FAQ]]

[[Category:Manual]]

File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021 Rendering.png

2021-12-16T09:21:17Z

Sven: Simple Rendering of the similarly named STL File File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021.stl

== Summary ==
Simple Rendering of the similarly named STL File [[File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021.stl]]

File:THE ANALOG THING 10 Aug 2021.stl

2021-12-16T09:20:41Z

Sven: STL Mesh of THAT, based on a 3d model of User:Tfischer

== Summary ==
STL Mesh of [[THAT]], based on a 3d model of [[User:Tfischer]]
== Licensing ==
{{CC-by-sa-4.0}}

The Analog Thing

2021-12-15T19:18:04Z

Sven: Adding some information about the size

[[File:Cta bg.jpg|thumb|A closeup of a THAT in [[Minion]] mode with [[Oscilloscope]] probes attached.]]
'''The Analog Thing''' (abbreviated as ''THAT'') is a high-quality, low-cost, open-source, and not-for-profit cutting-edge analog computer developed by [[anabrid]] under the brand Analog Paradigm for educational and recreational purposes. THAT will be available for sale at a net cost price of around €300. The component list, circuit diagrams and circuit board layouts of THAT are all Open Source. Information on how to build THAT from scratch and how to operate it can be found on this wiki.

== Version 1.0: Specifications and Photos ==
The prototype consists of two main parts: A top PCB with gold-plated through-hole sockets suitable for
2 mm patch cables, and a base PCB, which contains the main electronic circuitry, the
manual controls and ports for external connectivity. A [[Panel Meter]] mounted in the top PCB can be used to display coefficient values and, when the device is set to the repetitive operation mode, its operation time.

The size of the analog computer is 203mm x 240mm x 35 mm (with knobs).

<gallery>
File:Promo 1.jpg|A first glance
File:Front Board v1.0.jpg|Front board v1.0
File:Base Board v1.0 patched.jpg|Base board v1.0
File:Test Circuit closeup v1.0.jpg|Close-up of a test circuit
</gallery>

== Schematics ==
The schematics and bill of materials for the base board are [[Open Source]] and can be found here:

<gallery>
File:anathing_v1.0_base_1.pdf|BASE part 1
File:anathing_v1.0_base_2.pdf|BASE part 2
File:anathing_v1.0_base_3.pdf|BASE part 3
File:anathing_v1.0_base_4.pdf|BASE part 4
File:Bill_Of_Materials.pdf|Bill of materials BASE
</gallery>

The schematic of the FRONT PCB can be found here:

<gallery>
File:anathing_v1.0_front.pdf|FRONT part 1
File:anathing_v1.0_front_2.pdf|FRONT part 2
File:AnalogThingFront-Bill_Of_Materials.pdf|Bill of materials FRONT
</gallery>

== CAD and Gerber files ==
[[File:THAT-Dimensions.png|thumb|A first glance at the dimensions of THAT]]
Upcoming!

The size of the PCB is 201mm x 240mm. The overall height (including feet and front panel potentiometers) is 38mm. The height of the two PCBs (without screws) is 16mm. Note that the base PCB has throught hole components, thus feets are mandatory (at least 2mm in elevation).

The weight is approximately 900g including cables.

== Instructions and further reading ==

* [[Assembly instructions]]
* [[Testing]] instructions
* [[Components of The Analog Thing]]
* [[The Analog Thing FAQ]]

[[Category:Manual]]

File:THAT-Dimensions.png

2021-12-15T19:13:59Z

Sven: Crop of a file by User:TFischer

== Summary ==
Crop of a file by [[User:TFischer]]

TheAnalogThing:Users

2021-11-16T13:37:04Z

Sven: Created page with "For reasons to combat spam, we ask you to create an account in order to get a '''User and Editor''' to this very TheAnalogThing:About|The Analog Th..."

For reasons to combat spam, we ask you to [[Special:CreateAccount|create an account]] in order to get a '''User and Editor''' to this very [[TheAnalogThing:About|The Analog Thing-Wiki]]. As a further spam measure, it is required to provide a valid E-Mail address to confirm the account.

Hantek USB DSO

2021-11-02T13:31:44Z

Sven: Created page with "An entry level Oscilloscope for data aquisition and visualization is the '''Hantek 6022BE'''. It is a USB oscilloscope without internal display, featuring * two channels..."

An entry level [[Oscilloscope]] for data aquisition and visualization is the '''Hantek 6022BE'''. It is a USB oscilloscope without internal display, featuring

* two channels
* 20Mhz band width
* 48 MSamples/sec
* two measuring heads (with 1:1 or 1:10 ratio)

We really recommend the open software at http://openhantek.org/

== Pictures ==
<gallery>
File:Hantek IMG 0413.jpg|Hantek next to a Macbook
File:Hantek IMG 0414.jpg|closeup of a xy-Plot on the Mac
File:Hantek IMG 0415.jpg|closeup of the Hantek with BNC to chinch adapters
File:Hantek IMG 0416.jpg|closeup of a regular xt-Plot on the Mac
</gallery>

[[Category:Hardware]]

Oscilloscope

2021-11-02T13:28:54Z

Sven: +Hantek

An '''Oscilloscope''' is an essential measurement device when doing analog computing. Nevertheless, even cheap entry level devices cost more than 200 EUR. This page shall document how to use oscilloscopes with [[THAT]] and gives recommendations about devices that are suitable for working with [[The Analog Thing]]. If you don't want to spend money on an oscilloscope, a [[Software Oscilloscope]] maybe an alternative.

== Using Oscilloscopes ==
To watch and measure the values and curves produced during an analog computation or simulation you need additional instruments. The Analog Thing contains a [[voltmeter]] as instrument to setup the coordinates or OP_TIME values. Depending on the [[modes|mode of operation]] in '''REP''' with predefined operation time or '''OP''' with infinite operation this display may be useful for static or slow moving values only.

[[Image:DSO_Yt_display.png|thumb|typical Yt display of signals on a DSO]]
To measure faster events or display signal curves the best tool is an '''oscilloscope'''. For longer operation times (REP, 0.1-10s) a digital storage oscilloscope (DSO) is preferred rather than an analog oscilloscope with a cathode ray tube (CRT). These DSO did get cheaper in the last years but useful DSO's with minimum 2 channels and XY mode are in the price range of about 150-300 € up. XY mode is useful for many applications and allow a better view of complex signals than displaying them just over the time in Yt mode. The typical Lissajous figures for example require the XY mode.

[[Image:DSO_XY_display.png|thumb|typical XY display of the same signals above]]
There are low cost oscilloscope on the market as well in the range of 40-100 € but these come with missing features and have mostly only one channel to display like DSO 138 or missing XY mode like DS 212/213. This is only partly useful with analog computations or simulations and all theses cheap handhelds have only a very small display. Some low cost oscilloscopes come without a display and are connected to a computer as display by software.

== Requirements for Oscilloscopes with The Analog Thing ==
[[File:Hantek IMG 0413.jpg|thumb|A nice entry level DSO: [[Hantek USB DSO]]]]
=== Minimum requirements (cheap devices) ===
* analog oscilloscope with CRT display or software display while connected to computer
* 1 or 2 channels
* XY display mode
* 100 kHz bandwith

Recommendations:
* [[Hantek USB DSO]] (79€ entry price)
* [https://www.meilhaus.de/picoscope-2000.htm Picoscope] (125€ entry price)
* [https://store.digilentinc.com/analog-discovery-2-100msps-usb-oscilloscope-logic-analyzer-and-variable-power-supply/ Analog Discovery 2] (280€ for academic)
* [https://www.analog.com/en/design-center/evaluation-hardware-and-software/evaluation-boards-kits/adalm2000.html#eb-overview ADMAL2000]

Further cheap alternatives:
* HS101 http://hscope.martinloren.com/HS101-oscilloscope.html
* DroidOscillo https://hackaday.io/project/26360-android-oscilloscope-droidoscillo
* DSO-138 https://www.reichelt.de/dso-138-oszilloskop-1-kanal-200-khz-12-bit-joy-it-dso-138-p209775.html?&trstct=pol_0&nbc=1
* SmartScope https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/751733865/smartscope-reinventing-the-oscilloscope

=== Medium requirements ===
* 4 channels or separate trigger input
* DSO type (digital storage)

Recommendations:
* [https://www.meilhaus.de/siglent-sds1000x-e.htm Siglent SDS1000X-E] (about 400€)

== Alternatives ==
There is a cheaper alternative for beginners with low budget while using a [[Soundcard Oscilloscope]] software. These solutions are based on using a sound input of the computer and a software to display the signal while reading digitized data of AD converters on the soundcard. If your computer contains a sound input you are lucky as you can get the software for free. Unfortunately many newer computers no more have classical sound input in stereo (so called 'line-in') and if so it is mostly only a microphone input as mono (1 channel instead of 2). This is the same lack as an oscilloscope with only 1 input channel.

If you are a bit into tinkering, we have a guide for setting up a [[Teensy]] microcontroller as a cheap 8 channel DSO.

[[Category:Hardware]]

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